The Nong Khai Provincial Museum was originally the first provincial hall of Nong Khai and the first building of the Lao Phuan province, constructed between 1897 and 1901. It served as the administrative center of Nong Khai until 1929 when funding was allocated for the construction of a new provincial hall (the second and third buildings). The original structure underwent significant renovations that same year, after which it was utilized by various government departments. In 2001, the building received funding for further improvements and repairs, transforming it into the Nong Khai Cultural Hall. Subsequently, in 2006, the Nong Khai Culture Office established it as the Nong Khai Provincial Museum and assigned the Nong Khai Provincial Administration Organization to oversee its management.