The Phu Phueng Wildlife Sanctuary encompasses an area that includes four sub-districts (tambons) of the Kon San district in Chaiyaphum Province: Thung Phra, Thung Na Lao, Huai Yang, and Thung Lui Lai. The terrain is characterized by steep and complex mountain ranges, forming part of the Phetchabun mountain range. The sanctuary showcases a variety of forest types, including moist evergreen forests, dry evergreen forests, mixed deciduous forests, and deciduous dipterocarp forests.